Solid.js vs Vue 2 - JavaScript 框架语法对比

响应式

声明状态

Solid.js

import { createSignal } from "solid-js";

export default function Name() {
  const [name] = createSignal("张三");

  return <h1>你好 {name()}</h1>;
}

Vue 2

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      name: "张三",
    };
  },
};
</script>

<template>
  <h1>你好 {{ name }}</h1>
</template>

更新状态

Solid.js

import { createSignal } from "solid-js";

export default function Name() {
  const [name, setName] = createSignal("张三");
  setName("李四");

  return <h1>你好 {name()}</h1>;
}

Vue 2

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      name: "张三",
    };
  },
  created() {
    this.name = "李四";
  },
};
</script>

<template>
  <h1>你好 {{ name }}</h1>
</template>

计算属性

Solid.js

import { createSignal } from "solid-js";

export default function DoubleCount() {
  const [count] = createSignal(10);
  const doubleCount = () => count() * 2;

  return <div>{doubleCount()}</div>;
}

Vue 2

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      count: 10,
    };
  },
  computed: {
    doubleCount() {
      return this.count * 2;
    },
  },
};
</script>

<template>
  <div>{{ doubleCount }}</div>
</template>

模板语法

最简模板

Solid.js

export default function HelloWorld() {
  return <h1>你好，世界</h1>;
}

Vue 2

<template>
  <h1>你好，世界</h1>
</template>

样式

Solid.js

import "./style.css";

export default function CssStyle() {
  return (
    <>
      <h1 class="title">我是红色的</h1>
      <button style={{ "font-size": "10rem" }}>我是一个按钮</button>
    </>
  );
}

Vue 2

<template>
  <div>
    <h1 class="title">我是红色的</h1>
    <button style="font-size: 10rem">我是一个按钮</button>
  </div>
</template>

<style scoped>
.title {
  color: red;
}
</style>

DOM循环

Solid.js

import { For } from "solid-js";

export default function Colors() {
  const colors = ["红", "绿", "蓝"];

  return (
    <ul>
      <For each={colors}>{(color) => <li>{color}</li>}</For>
    </ul>
  );
}

Vue 2

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      colors: ["红", "绿", "蓝"],
    };
  },
};
</script>

<template>
  <ul>
    <li v-for="color in colors" :key="color">
      {{ color }}
    </li>
  </ul>
</template>

点击事件

Solid.js

import { createSignal } from "solid-js";

export default function Counter() {
  const [count, setCount] = createSignal(0);

  function incrementCount() {
    setCount(count() + 1);
  }

  return (
    <>
      <p>计数器: {count()}</p>
      <button onClick={incrementCount}>+1</button>
    </>
  );
}

Vue 2

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      count: 0,
    };
  },
  methods: {
    incrementCount() {
      this.count++;
    },
  },
};
</script>

<template>
  <div>
    <p>计数器: {{ count }}</p>
    <button @click="incrementCount">+1</button>
  </div>
</template>

DOM引用

Solid.js

import { onMount } from "solid-js";

export default function InputFocused() {
  let inputElement;

  onMount(() => inputElement.focus());

  return <input ref={inputElement} type="text" />;
}

Vue 2

<script>
export default {
  mounted() {
    this.$refs.inputElement.focus();
  },
};
</script>

<template>
  <input ref="inputElement" />
</template>

条件渲染

Solid.js

import { createSignal, Switch, Match } from "solid-js";

const TRAFFIC_LIGHTS = ["红灯", "黄灯", "绿灯"];

export default function TrafficLight() {
  const [lightIndex, setLightIndex] = createSignal(0);

  const light = () => TRAFFIC_LIGHTS[lightIndex()];

  function nextLight() {
    setLightIndex((lightIndex() + 1) % TRAFFIC_LIGHTS.length);
  }

  return (
    <>
      <button onClick={nextLight}>下一个灯</button>
      <p>现在亮着的是: {light()}</p>
      <p>
        你应该
        <Switch>
          <Match when={light() === "红灯"}>
            <span>停下</span>
          </Match>
          <Match when={light() === "黄灯"}>
            <span>慢行</span>
          </Match>
          <Match when={light() === "绿灯"}>
            <span>赶紧走</span>
          </Match>
        </Switch>
      </p>
    </>
  );
}

Vue 2

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      TRAFFIC_LIGHTS: ["红灯", "黄灯", "绿灯"],
      lightIndex: 0,
    };
  },
  computed: {
    light() {
      return this.TRAFFIC_LIGHTS[this.lightIndex];
    },
  },
  methods: {
    nextLight() {
      this.lightIndex = (this.lightIndex + 1) % this.TRAFFIC_LIGHTS.length;
    },
  },
};
</script>

<template>
  <div>
    <button @click="nextLight">下一个灯</button>
    <p>现在亮着的是: {{ light }}</p>
    <p>
      你应该
      <span v-if="light === '红灯'">停下</span>
      <span v-else-if="light === '黄灯'">慢行</span>
      <span v-else-if="light === '绿灯'">赶紧走</span>
    </p>
  </div>
</template>

生命周期

组件加载时

Solid.js

import { createSignal, onMount } from "solid-js";

export default function PageTitle() {
  const [pageTitle, setPageTitle] = createSignal("");

  onMount(() => {
    setPageTitle(document.title);
  });

  return <p>页面标题: {pageTitle()}</p>;
}

Vue 2

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      pageTitle: "",
    };
  },
  mounted() {
    this.pageTitle = document.title;
  },
};
</script>

<template>
  <p>页面标题: {{ pageTitle }}</p>
</template>

组件卸载时

Solid.js

import { createSignal, onCleanup } from "solid-js";

export default function Time() {
  const [time, setTime] = createSignal(new Date().toLocaleTimeString());

  const timer = setInterval(() => {
    setTime(new Date().toLocaleTimeString());
  }, 1000);

  onCleanup(() => clearInterval(timer));

  return <p>当前时间: {time()}</p>;
}

Vue 2

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      time: new Date().toLocaleTimeString(),
      timer: null,
    };
  },
  mounted() {
    this.timer = setInterval(() => {
      this.time = new Date().toLocaleTimeString();
    }, 1000);
  },
  beforeDestroy() {
    clearInterval(this.timer);
  },
};
</script>

<template>
  <p>当前时间: {{ time }}</p>
</template>

组件组合

组件Props传参

Solid.js

import UserProfile from "./UserProfile.jsx";

export default function App() {
  return (
    <UserProfile
      name="张三"
      age={20}
      favouriteColors={["green", "blue", "red"]}
      isAvailable
    />
  );
}

Vue 2

<script>
import UserProfile from "./UserProfile.vue";

export default {
  components: {
    UserProfile,
  },
};
</script>

<template>
  <UserProfile
    name="张三"
    :age="20"
    :favorite-colors="['green', 'blue', 'red']"
    is-available
  />
</template>

向父组件emit事件

Solid.js

import { createSignal } from "solid-js";
import AnswerButton from "./AnswerButton.jsx";

export default function App() {
  const [isHappy, setIsHappy] = createSignal(true);

  function onAnswerNo() {
    setIsHappy(false);
  }

  function onAnswerYes() {
    setIsHappy(true);
  }

  return (
    <>
      <p>你快乐吗?</p>
      <AnswerButton onYes={onAnswerYes} onNo={onAnswerNo} />
      <p style={{ "font-size": "50px" }}>{isHappy() ? "😀" : "😥"}</p>
    </>
  );
}

Vue 2

<script>
import AnswerButton from "./AnswerButton.vue";
export default {
  components: {
    AnswerButton,
  },
  data() {
    return {
      isHappy: true,
    };
  },
  methods: {
    onAnswerNo() {
      this.isHappy = false;
    },
    onAnswerYes() {
      this.isHappy = true;
    },
  },
};
</script>

<template>
  <div>
    <p>你快乐吗?</p>
    <AnswerButton @yes="onAnswerYes" @no="onAnswerNo" />
    <p style="font-size: 50px">
      {{ isHappy ? "😀" : "😥" }}
    </p>
  </div>
</template>

slot插槽

Solid.js

import FunnyButton from "./FunnyButton.jsx";

export default function App() {
  return <FunnyButton>点我!</FunnyButton>;
}

Vue 2

<script>
import FunnyButton from "./FunnyButton.vue";
export default {
  components: {
    FunnyButton,
  },
};
</script>

<template>
  <FunnyButton> 点我! </FunnyButton>
</template>

slot插槽内容

Solid.js

import FunnyButton from "./FunnyButton.jsx";

export default function App() {
  return (
    <>
      <FunnyButton />
      <FunnyButton>这是传到slot的内容!</FunnyButton>
    </>
  );
}

Vue 2

<script>
import FunnyButton from "./FunnyButton.vue";
export default {
  components: {
    FunnyButton,
  },
};
</script>

<template>
  <div>
    <FunnyButton />
    <FunnyButton> 这是传到slot的内容! </FunnyButton>
  </div>
</template>

上下文

Solid.js

import { createSignal } from "solid-js";

import { UserContext } from "./UserContext";
import UserProfile from "./UserProfile";

export default function App() {
  const [user, setUser] = createSignal({
    id: 1,
    username: "abcdefg",
    email: "[email protected]",
  });

  function updateUsername(newUsername) {
    setUser({ ...user(), username: newUsername });
  }

  return (
    <>
      <h1>欢迎回来, {user().username}</h1>
      <UserContext.Provider value={[user, updateUsername]}>
        <UserProfile />
      </UserContext.Provider>
    </>
  );
}

Vue 2

<script>
import UserProfile from "./UserProfile.vue";

export default {
  components: { UserProfile },
  provide() {
    return {
      user: Object.assign(this.user, {
        updateUsername: this.updateUsername,
      }),
    };
  },
  data() {
    return {
      user: {
        id: 1,
        username: "abcdefg",
        email: "[email protected]",
      },
    };
  },
  methods: {
    updateUsername(newUsername) {
      this.user.username = newUsername;
    },
  },
};
</script>

<template>
  <div>
    <h1>欢迎回来, {{ user.username }}</h1>
    <UserProfile />
  </div>
</template>

表单输入

输入框

Solid.js

import { createSignal } from "solid-js";

export default function InputHello() {
  const [text, setText] = createSignal("你好世界");

  function handleChange(event) {
    setText(event.target.value);
  }

  return (
    <>
      <p>{text()}</p>
      <input value={text()} onInput={handleChange} />
    </>
  );
}

Vue 2

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      text: "你好世界",
    };
  },
};
</script>

<template>
  <div>
    <p>{{ text }}</p>
    <input v-model="text" />
  </div>
</template>

复选框

Solid.js

import { createSignal } from "solid-js";

export default function IsAvailable() {
  const [isAvailable, setIsAvailable] = createSignal(false);

  function handleChange() {
    setIsAvailable((previousValue) => !previousValue);
  }

  return (
    <>
      <input
        id="is-available"
        type="checkbox"
        checked={isAvailable()}
        onChange={handleChange}
      />
      <label for="is-available">这是一个checkbox</label>
    </>
  );
}

Vue 2

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      isAvailable: true,
    };
  },
};
</script>

<template>
  <div>
    <input id="is-available" v-model="isAvailable" type="checkbox" />
    <label for="is-available">这是一个checkbox</label>
  </div>
</template>

单选框

Solid.js

import { createSignal } from "solid-js";

export default function PickPill() {
  const [picked, setPicked] = createSignal("red");

  function handleChange(event) {
    setPicked(event.target.value);
  }

  return (
    <>
      <div>你选择了: {picked()}</div>
      <input
        id="blue-pill"
        checked={picked() === "blue"}
        type="radio"
        value="blue"
        onChange={handleChange}
      />
      <label for="blue-pill">蓝色</label>

      <input
        id="red-pill"
        checked={picked() === "red"}
        type="radio"
        value="red"
        onChange={handleChange}
      />
      <label for="red-pill">红色</label>
    </>
  );
}

Vue 2

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      picked: "red",
    };
  },
};
</script>

<template>
  <div>
    <div>你选择了: {{ picked }}</div>

    <input id="blue-pill" v-model="picked" type="radio" value="blue" />
    <label for="blue-pill">蓝色</label>

    <input id="red-pill" v-model="picked" type="radio" value="red" />
    <label for="red-pill">红色</label>
  </div>
</template>

选择器

Solid.js

import { createSignal, For } from "solid-js";

const colors = [
  { id: 1, text: "红" },
  { id: 2, text: "蓝" },
  { id: 3, text: "绿" },
  { id: 4, text: "灰", isDisabled: true },
];

export default function ColorSelect() {
  const [selectedColorId, setSelectedColorId] = createSignal(2);

  function handleChange(event) {
    setSelectedColorId(event.target.value);
  }

  return (
    <select value={selectedColorId()} onChange={handleChange}>
      <For each={colors}>
        {(color) => (
          <option value={color.id} disabled={color.isDisabled}>
            {color.text}
          </option>
        )}
      </For>
    </select>
  );
}

Vue 2

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      selectedColorId: 2,
      colors: [
        { id: 1, text: "红" },
        { id: 2, text: "蓝" },
        { id: 3, text: "绿" },
        { id: 4, text: "灰", isDisabled: true },
      ],
    };
  },
};
</script>

<template>
  <select v-model="selectedColorId">
    <option
      v-for="color in colors"
      :key="color.id"
      :value="color.id"
      :disabled="color.isDisabled"
    >
      {{ color.text }}
    </option>
  </select>
</template>

Web应用特性

渲染应用

Solid.js

<!doctype html>
<html>
  <body>
    <div id="app"></div>
    <script type="module" src="./main.jsx"></script>
  </body>
</html>

Vue 2

<!doctype html>
<html>
  <body>
    <div id="app"></div>
    <script type="module" src="./main.js"></script>
  </body>
</html>

fetch获取数据

Solid.js

import { createResource, For, Switch, Match } from "solid-js";

async function fetchUsers() {
  return (await fetch("https://randomuser.me/api/?results=3")).json();
}

export default function App() {
  const [data] = createResource(fetchUsers);
  const users = () => data()?.results;

  return (
    <Switch>
      <Match when={data.loading}>
        <p>正在获取用户信息……</p>
      </Match>
      <Match when={data.error}>
        <p>获取用户信息出错</p>
      </Match>
      <Match when={users()}>
        <ul>
          <For each={users()}>
            {(user) => (
              <li>
                <img src={user.picture.thumbnail} alt="user" />
                <p>
                  {user.name.first} {user.name.last}
                </p>
              </li>
            )}
          </For>
        </ul>
      </Match>
    </Switch>
  );
}

Vue 2

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      isLoading: false,
      error: undefined,
      users: undefined,
    };
  },
  mounted() {
    this.fetchData();
  },
  methods: {
    async fetchData() {
      this.isLoading = true;
      try {
        const response = await fetch("https://randomuser.me/api/?results=3");
        const { results: users } = await response.json();
        this.users = users;
        this.error = undefined;
      } catch (error) {
        this.error = error;
      } finally {
        this.users = undefined;
        this.isLoading = false;
      }
    },
  },
};
</script>

<template>
  <p v-if="isLoading">正在获取用户信息……</p>
  <p v-else-if="error">获取用户信息出错</p>
  <ul v-else-if="users">
    <li v-for="user in users" :key="user.login.uuid">
      <img :src="user.picture.thumbnail" alt="user" />
      <p>
        {{ user.name.first }}
        {{ user.name.last }}
      </p>
    </li>
  </ul>
</template>

响应式 #

声明状态 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

更新状态 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

计算属性 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

模板语法 #

最简模板 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

样式 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

DOM循环 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

点击事件 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

DOM引用 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

条件渲染 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

生命周期 #

组件加载时 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

组件卸载时 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

组件组合 #

组件Props传参 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

向父组件emit事件 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

slot插槽 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

slot插槽内容 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

上下文 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

表单输入 #

输入框 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

复选框 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

单选框 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

选择器 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

Web应用特性 #

渲染应用 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

fetch获取数据 #

Solid.js

Vue 2

响应式

声明状态

更新状态

计算属性

模板语法

最简模板

样式

DOM循环

点击事件

DOM引用

条件渲染

生命周期

组件加载时

组件卸载时

组件组合

组件Props传参

向父组件emit事件

slot插槽

slot插槽内容

上下文

表单输入

输入框

复选框

单选框

选择器

Web应用特性

渲染应用

fetch获取数据