响应式
声明状态
Lit
import { LitElement, html } from "lit";
import { customElement, state } from "lit/decorators.js";
@customElement("x-name")
export class XName extends LitElement {
@state()
name = "张三";
render() {
return html`<h1>你好 ${this.name}!</h1>`;
}
}
Ember Polaris
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
export default class NameComponent extends Component {
name = "张三";
<template>
<h1>你好 {{this.name}}</h1>
</template>
}
更新状态
Lit
import { LitElement, html } from "lit";
import { customElement, state } from "lit/decorators.js";
@customElement("x-name")
export class XName extends LitElement {
@state()
name = "张三";
constructor() {
super();
this.name = "李四";
}
render() {
return html`<h1>你好 ${this.name}!</h1>`;
}
}
Ember Polaris
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
export default class CounterComponent extends Component {
@tracked name = "张三";
constructor(owner, args) {
super(owner, args);
this.name = "李四";
}
<template>
<h1>你好 {{this.name}}</h1>
</template>
}
计算属性
Lit
import { LitElement, html } from "lit";
import { customElement, state } from "lit/decorators.js";
@customElement("double-count")
export class DoubleCount extends LitElement {
@state()
count = 10;
render() {
const doubleCount = this.count * 2;
return html`<div>${doubleCount}</div>`;
}
}
Ember Polaris
import Component, { tracked } from "@glimmer/component";
export default class DoubleCount extends Component {
@tracked count = 10;
get doubleCount() {
return this.count * 2;
}
<template>
<div>{{this.doubleCount}}</div>
</template>
}
模板语法
最简模板
Lit
import { LitElement, html } from "lit";
import { customElement } from "lit/decorators.js";
@customElement("hello-world")
export class HelloWorld extends LitElement {
render() {
return html`<h1>你好,世界</h1>`;
}
}
Ember Polaris
<template>
<h1>你好,世界</h1>
</template>样式
Lit
import { LitElement, html, css } from "lit";
import { customElement } from "lit/decorators.js";
import { styleMap } from "lit/directives/style-map.js";
@customElement("css-style")
export class CssStyle extends LitElement {
static styles = css`
.title {
color: red;
}
`;
render() {
return html`
<h1 class="title">我是红色的</h1>
<button style=${styleMap({ fontSize: "10rem" })}>我是一个按钮</button>
`;
}
}
Ember Polaris
<template>
<h1 class="title">我是红色的</h1>
<button style="font-size: 10rem;">我是一个按钮</button>
<style>
.title {
color: red;
}
</style>
</template>DOM循环
Lit
import { LitElement, html } from "lit";
import { customElement } from "lit/decorators.js";
import { repeat } from "lit/directives/repeat.js";
@customElement("colors-list")
export class ColorsList extends LitElement {
colors = ["红", "绿", "蓝"];
render() {
return html`
<ul>
${repeat(
this.colors,
(color) => color,
(color) => html`<li>${color}</li>`,
)}
</ul>
`;
}
}
Ember Polaris
const colors = ["红", "绿", "蓝"];
<template>
<ul>
{{#each colors as |color|}}
<li>{{color}}</li>
{{/each}}
</ul>
</template>点击事件
Lit
import { LitElement, html } from "lit";
import { customElement, state } from "lit/decorators.js";
@customElement("x-counter")
export class XCounter extends LitElement {
@state()
count = 0;
incrementCount() {
this.count = this.count + 1;
}
render() {
return html`
<p>计数器: ${this.count}</p>
<button @click=${this.incrementCount}>+1</button>
`;
}
}
Ember Polaris
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
export default class Counter extends Component {
@tracked count = 0;
incrementCount = () => this.count++;
<template>
<p>计数器: {{this.count}}</p>
<button {{on "click" this.incrementCount}}>+1</button>
</template>
}
DOM引用
Lit
import { LitElement, html } from "lit";
import { customElement, state, query } from "lit/decorators.js";
@customElement("input-focused")
export class InputFocused extends LitElement {
@query("input") inputEl;
firstUpdated() {
this.inputEl.focus();
}
render() {
return html`<input type="text" />`;
}
}
Ember Polaris
import { modifier } from "ember-modifier";
const autofocus = modifier((element) => element.focus());
<template>
<input {{autofocus}} />
</template>条件渲染
Lit
import { LitElement, html } from "lit";
import { customElement, state } from "lit/decorators.js";
import { choose } from "lit/directives/choose.js";
const TRAFFIC_LIGHTS = ["红灯", "黄灯", "绿灯"];
@customElement("traffic-light")
export class TrafficLight extends LitElement {
@state()
lightIndex = 0;
get light() {
return TRAFFIC_LIGHTS[this.lightIndex];
}
nextLight() {
this.lightIndex = (this.lightIndex + 1) % TRAFFIC_LIGHTS.length;
}
render() {
return html`
<button @click=${this.nextLight}>下一个灯</button>
<p>现在亮着的是: ${this.light}</p>
<p>
你应该
${choose(this.light, [
["红灯", () => html`<span>停下</span>`],
["黄灯", () => html`<span>慢行</span>`],
["绿灯", () => html`<span>赶紧走</span>`],
])}
</p>
`;
}
}
Ember Polaris
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
const TRAFFIC_LIGHTS = ["红灯", "黄灯", "绿灯"];
export default class TrafficLight extends Component {
@tracked lightIndex = 0;
get light() {
return TRAFFIC_LIGHTS[this.lightIndex];
}
nextLight = () => {
this.lightIndex = (this.lightIndex + 1) % TRAFFIC_LIGHTS.length;
};
<template>
<button {{on "click" this.nextLight}}>下一个灯</button>
<p>现在亮着的是: {{this.light}}</p>
<p>
你应该
{{#if (eq this.light "红灯")}}
停下
{{else if (eq this.light "黄灯")}}
慢行
{{else if (eq this.light "绿灯")}}
赶紧走
{{/if}}
</p>
</template>
}
生命周期
组件加载时
Lit
import { LitElement, html } from "lit";
import { customElement, state } from "lit/decorators.js";
@customElement("page-title")
export class PageTitle extends LitElement {
@state()
pageTitle = "";
connectedCallback() {
super.connectedCallback();
this.pageTitle = document.title;
}
render() {
return html`<p>页面标题: ${this.pageTitle}</p>`;
}
}
Ember Polaris
const pageTitle = () => document.title;
<template>
<p>页面标题: {{(pageTitle)}}</p>
</template>
组件卸载时
Lit
import { LitElement, html } from "lit";
import { customElement, state } from "lit/decorators.js";
@customElement("x-time")
export class XTime extends LitElement {
@state()
time = "";
timer;
connectedCallback() {
super.connectedCallback();
this.timer = setInterval(() => {
this.time = new Date().toLocaleTimeString();
}, 1000);
}
disconnectedCallback() {
super.disconnectedCallback();
clearInterval(this.timer);
}
render() {
return html`<p>当前时间: ${this.time}</p>`;
}
}
Ember Polaris
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
import { registerDestructor } from "@ember/destroyable";
export default class Time extends Component {
@tracked time = new Date().toLocaleTimeString();
constructor(owner, args) {
super(owner, args);
let timer = setInterval(() => {
this.time = new Date().toLocaleTimeString();
}, 1000);
registerDestructor(this, () => clearInterval(timer));
}
<template>
<p>当前时间: {{this.time}}</p>
</template>
}
组件组合
组件Props传参
Lit
import { LitElement, html } from "lit";
import { customElement } from "lit/decorators.js";
import "./user-profile";
@customElement("x-app")
export class XApp extends LitElement {
render() {
return html`<user-profile
name="张三"
age="20"
.favouriteColors=${["green", "blue", "red"]}
isAvailable
></user-profile>`;
}
}
Ember Polaris
import UserProfile from "./user-profile.gjs";
const favoriteColors = ["green", "blue", "red"];
<template>
<UserProfile
@name="张三"
@age={{20}}
@favouriteColors={{favoriteColors}}
@isAvailable={{true}}
/>
</template>向父组件emit事件
Lit
import { LitElement, html } from "lit";
import { customElement, state } from "lit/decorators.js";
import "./answer-button";
@customElement("x-app")
export class XApp extends LitElement {
@state()
isHappy = true;
onAnswerNo() {
this.isHappy = false;
}
onAnswerYes() {
this.isHappy = true;
}
render() {
return html`
<p>你快乐吗?</p>
<answer-button
@yes=${this.onAnswerYes}
@no=${this.onAnswerNo}
></answer-button>
<p style="font-size: 50px;">${this.isHappy ? "😀" : "😥"}</p>
`;
}
}
Ember Polaris
<template>
<button {{on "click" @onYes}}> 是的! </button>
<button {{on "click" @onNo}}> 不是! </button>
</template>
slot插槽
Lit
import { LitElement, html } from "lit";
import { customElement } from "lit/decorators.js";
import "./funny-button";
@customElement("x-app")
export class XApp extends LitElement {
render() {
return html`<funny-button>点我!</funny-button>`;
}
}
Ember Polaris
import FunnyButton from "./funny-button";
<template>
<FunnyButton>点我!</FunnyButton>
</template>
slot插槽内容
Lit
import { LitElement, html } from "lit";
import { customElement } from "lit/decorators.js";
import "./funny-button";
@customElement("x-app")
export class XApp extends LitElement {
render() {
return html`
<funny-button></funny-button>
<funny-button>这是传到slot的内容!</funny-button>
`;
}
}
Ember Polaris
import FunnyButton from "./funny-button";
<template>
<FunnyButton />
<FunnyButton>这是传到slot的内容!</FunnyButton>
</template>上下文
Lit
import { LitElement, html } from "lit";
import { customElement, state } from "lit/decorators.js";
import { ContextProvider } from "@lit/context";
import { userContext } from "./user-context";
import "./user-profile";
@customElement("x-app")
export class XApp extends LitElement {
@state()
user = {
id: 1,
username: "abcdefg",
email: "[email protected]",
};
provider = new ContextProvider(this, {
context: userContext,
initialValue: this.user,
});
updateUsername(newUsername) {
this.user = { ...this.user, username: newUsername };
this.provider.setValue(this.user);
}
render() {
return html` <h1>欢迎回来, ${this.user.username}</h1>
<user-profile
.user="${this.user}"
.updateUsername=${this.updateUsername.bind(this)}
></user-profile>`;
}
}
Ember Polaris
import UserProfile from "./user-profile";
<template>
<UserProfile />
</template>
表单输入
输入框
Lit
import { LitElement, html } from "lit";
import { customElement, state } from "lit/decorators.js";
@customElement("input-hello")
export class InputHello extends LitElement {
@state()
text = "你好世界";
handleInput(event) {
this.text = event.target.value;
}
render() {
return html`
<p>${this.text}</p>
<input value=${this.text} @input=${this.handleInput} />
`;
}
}
Ember Polaris
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
export default class InputHello extends Component {
@tracked text = "你好世界";
handleInput = (event) => (this.text = event.target.value);
<template>
<p>{{this.text}}</p>
<input value={{this.text}} {{on "input" this.handleInput}} />
</template>
}
复选框
Lit
import { LitElement, html } from "lit";
import { customElement, state } from "lit/decorators.js";
@customElement("is-available")
export class IsAvailable extends LitElement {
@state()
isAvailable = false;
handleChange() {
this.isAvailable = !this.isAvailable;
}
render() {
return html`
<input
id="is-available"
type="checkbox"
?checked=${this.isAvailable}
@change=${this.handleChange}
/>
<label for="is-available">这是一个checkbox</label>
`;
}
}
Ember Polaris
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
export default class InputHello extends Component {
@tracked isAvailable = false;
handleChange = (event) => (this.isAvailable = event.target.checked);
<template>
<input
id="is-available"
type="checkbox"
checked={{this.isAvailable}}
{{on "change" this.handleChange}}
/>
<label for="is-available">这是一个checkbox</label>
</template>
}
单选框
Lit
import { LitElement, html } from "lit";
import { customElement, state } from "lit/decorators.js";
@customElement("pick-pill")
export class PickPill extends LitElement {
@state()
picked = "red";
handleChange(event) {
this.picked = event.target.value;
}
render() {
return html`
<div>你选择了: ${this.picked}</div>
<input
id="blue-pill"
name="pill"
?checked=${this.picked === "blue"}
type="radio"
value="blue"
@change=${this.handleChange}
/>
<label for="blue-pill">蓝色</label>
<input
id="red-pill"
name="pill"
?checked=${this.picked === "red"}
type="radio"
value="red"
@change=${this.handleChange}
/>
<label for="red-pill">红色</label>
`;
}
}
Ember Polaris
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
export default class PickPill extends Component {
@tracked picked = "red";
handleChange = (event) => (this.picked = event.target.value);
<template>
<div>你选择了: {{this.picked}}</div>
<input
id="blue-pill"
type="radio"
value="blue"
checked={{eq this.picked "blue"}}
{{on "change" this.handleChange}}
/>
<label htmlFor="blue-pill">蓝色</label>
<input
id="red-pill"
type="radio"
value="red"
checked={{eq this.picked "red"}}
{{on "change" this.handleChange}}
/>
<label htmlFor="red-pill">红色</label>
</template>
}
选择器
Lit
import { LitElement, html } from "lit";
import { customElement, state } from "lit/decorators.js";
import { repeat } from "lit/directives/repeat";
@customElement("color-select")
export class ColorSelect extends LitElement {
colors = [
{ id: 1, text: "红" },
{ id: 2, text: "蓝" },
{ id: 3, text: "绿" },
{ id: 4, text: "灰", isDisabled: true },
];
@state()
selectedColorId = 2;
handleChange(event) {
this.selectedColorId = event.target.value;
}
render() {
return html`
<select @change=${this.handleChange}>
${repeat(
this.colors,
(color) => color.id,
(color) =>
html`<option
value=${color.id}
?selected=${this.selectedColorId === color.id}
?disabled=${color.isDisabled}
>
${color.text}
</option>`,
)}
</select>
`;
}
}
Ember Polaris
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
export default class ColorSelect extends Component {
@tracked selectedColorId = 2;
select = (event) => (this.selectedColorId = event.target.value);
isSelected = (colorId) => this.selectedColorId === colorId;
colors = [
{ id: 1, text: "红" },
{ id: 2, text: "蓝" },
{ id: 3, text: "绿" },
{ id: 4, text: "灰", isDisabled: true },
];
<template>
<select {{on "change" this.select}}>
{{#each this.colors as |color|}}
<option
value={{color.id}}
disabled={{color.isDisabled}}
selected={{this.isSelected color.id}}
>
{{color.text}}
</option>
{{/each}}
</select>
</template>
}
Web应用特性
渲染应用
Lit
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<script type="module" src="./app.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<x-app />
</body>
</html>
Ember Polaris
<!doctype html>
<html>
<body>
<script type="module" src="./index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
fetch获取数据
Lit
import { LitElement, html } from "lit";
import { customElement } from "lit/decorators.js";
import { createFetchUsersTask } from "./fetch-users-task";
@customElement("x-app")
export class XApp extends LitElement {
fetchUsers = createFetchUsersTask(this);
render() {
return this.fetchUsers.render({
pending: () => html`<p>正在获取用户信息……</p>`,
error: (e) => html`<p>获取用户信息出错</p>`,
complete: (data) => html`
<ul>
${data.map(
(user) => html`
<li>
<img src=${user.picture.thumbnail} alt="user" />
<p>${user.name.first} ${user.name.last}</p>
</li>
`,
)}
</ul>
`,
});
}
}
Ember Polaris
import Component from "@glimmer/component";
import { tracked } from "@glimmer/tracking";
class State {
@tracked isLoading = false;
@tracked error = null;
@tracked data = null;
}
function fetchUsers() {
let state = new State();
async function fetchData() {
try {
let response = await fetch("https://randomuser.me/api/?results=3");
let { results: users } = await response.json();
state.data = users;
state.error = null;
} catch (err) {
state.data = null;
state.error = err;
}
state.isLoading = false;
}
fetchData();
return state;
}
export default class App extends Component {
<template>
{{#let (this.fetchUsers) as |request|}}
{{#if request.isLoading}}
<p>正在获取用户信息……</p>
{{else if request.error}}
<p>获取用户信息出错</p>
{{else}}
<ul>
{{#each request.data as |user|}}
<li>
<img src={{user.picture.thumbnail}} alt="user" />
<p>{{user.name.first}} {{user.name.last}}</p>
</li>
{{/each}}
</ul>
{{/if}}
{{/let}}
</template>
}