响应式

声明状态

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

<h1>你好 {{this.name}}</h1>

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<h1 x-data="{ name: '张三' }" x-text="name"></h1>

更新状态

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

<h1>你好 {{this.name}}</h1>

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<h1 x-data="{ name: '张三' }" x-init="name = '李四'" x-text="name"></h1>

计算属性

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

<div>{{this.doubleCount}}</div>

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<h1
  x-data="{
  count : 10,
  get doubleCount() { return this.count * 2 }
}"
  x-text="doubleCount"
></h1>

模板语法

最简模板

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

<h1>你好,世界</h1>

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<h1>你好,世界</h1>

样式

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

/* using: https://github.com/salsify/ember-css-modules */
.title {
  color: red;
}

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<h1 class="title">我是红色的</h1>
<button style="font-size: 10rem">我是一个按钮</button>

<style>
  .title {
    color: red;
  }
</style>

DOM循环

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

<ul>
  {{#each (array "红" "绿" "蓝") as |color|}}
    <li>{{color}}</li>
  {{/each}}
</ul>

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<ul x-data="{ colors: ['红', '绿', '蓝'] }">
  <template x-for="color in colors">
    <li x-text="color"></li>
  </template>
</ul>

点击事件

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

<p>计数器: {{this.count}}</p>
<button {{on "click" this.incrementCount}}>+1</button>

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<div x-data="{ count: 0 }">
  <p>计数器: <span x-text="count"></span></p>
  <button x-on:click="count++">+1</button>
</div>

DOM引用

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

<input {{this.autofocus}} />

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<input x-init="$el.focus();" />

条件渲染

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

<button {{on "click" this.nextLight}}>下一个灯</button>
<p>现在亮着的是: {{this.light}}</p>
<p>
  你应该
  {{#if (eq this.light "红灯")}}
    停下
  {{else if (eq this.light "黄灯")}}
    慢行
  {{else if (eq this.light "绿灯")}}
    赶紧走
  {{/if}}
</p>

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<div
  x-data="{
  TRAFFIC_LIGHTS: ['红灯', '黄灯', '绿灯'],
  lightIndex: 0,
  get light() { return this.TRAFFIC_LIGHTS[this.lightIndex] },
  nextLight() {
    this.lightIndex = (this.lightIndex + 1) % this.TRAFFIC_LIGHTS.length;
  }
}"
>
  <button x-on:click="nextLight">下一个灯</button>
  <p>现在亮着的是: <span x-text="light"></span></p>
  <p>
    你应该
    <span x-show="light === '红灯'">停下</span>
    <span x-show="light === '黄灯'">慢行</span>
    <span x-show="light === '绿灯'">赶紧走</span>
  </p>
</div>

生命周期

组件加载时

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

<p>页面标题: {{(this.pageTitle)}}</p>

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<p
  x-data="{ pageTitle: '' }"
  x-init="$nextTick(() => { pageTitle = document.title })"
>
  页面标题: <span x-text="pageTitle"></span>
</p>

组件卸载时

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

<p>当前时间: {{this.time}}</p>

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<p
  x-data="{
  time: new Date().toLocaleTimeString(),
  timer: null,
  init() { this.timer = setInterval(() => (this.time = new Date().toLocaleTimeString()), 1000) },
  destroy() { clearInterval(this.timer) }
}"
>
  当前时间: <span x-text="time"></span>
</p>

组件组合

组件Props传参

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

<UserProfile
  @name="张三"
  @age={{20}}
  @favouriteColors={{array "green" "blue" "red"}}
  @isAvailable={{true}}
/>

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<!--Alpine JS suggests using a server-side templating engine or another frontend framework in conjunction with Alpine to do this-->

<div
  x-data="{
  name: '张三',
  age: 20,
  favouriteColors: ['green', 'blue', 'red'],
  isAvailable: true
}"
>
  <p>我的名字是 <span x-text="张三"></span></p>
  <p>My age is <span x-text="age"></span></p>
  <p>
    My favourite colors are <span x-text="favouriteColors.join(', ')"></span>
  </p>
  <p>I am <span x-text="isAvailable ? 'available' : 'not available'"></span></p>
</div>

向父组件emit事件

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

<p>你快乐吗?</p>
<AnswerButton @onYes={{this.handleYes}} @onNo={{this.handleNo}} />
<p style="font-size: 50px;">{{if this.isHappy "😀" "😥"}}</p>

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<div
  x-data="{ isHappy: true }"
  x-on:yes="isHappy = true"
  x-on:no="isHappy = false"
>
  <p>你快乐吗?</p>
  <div>
    <button x-on:click="$dispatch('yes')">是的!</button>
    <button x-on:click="$dispatch('no')">不是!</button>
  </div>
  <p style="font-size: 50px" x-text="isHappy ? '😀' : '😥'"></p>
</div>

slot插槽

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

<FunnyButton> 点我! </FunnyButton>

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<!--Alpine JS suggests using a server-side templating engine or another frontend framework in conjunction with Alpine to do this-->

<button
  x-data
  x-text="'点我!'"
  style="
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
    color: #fff;
    padding: 10px 20px;
    font-size: 30px;
    border: 2px solid #fff;
    margin: 8px;
    transform: scale(0.9);
    box-shadow: 4px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
    transition: transform 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.65, 0.88, 0.925) 0s;
    outline: 0;
  "
>
  <span>默认slot内容</span>
</button>

slot插槽内容

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

<FunnyButton />
<FunnyButton>这是传到slot的内容!</FunnyButton>

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<!--Alpine JS suggests using a server-side templating engine or another frontend framework in conjunction with Alpine to do this-->

<button
  x-data
  style="
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
    color: #fff;
    padding: 10px 20px;
    font-size: 30px;
    border: 2px solid #fff;
    margin: 8px;
    transform: scale(0.9);
    box-shadow: 4px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
    transition: transform 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.65, 0.88, 0.925) 0s;
    outline: 0;
  "
>
  <span>默认slot内容</span>
</button>

<button
  x-data
  x-text="'这是传到slot的内容!'"
  style="
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
    color: #fff;
    padding: 10px 20px;
    font-size: 30px;
    border: 2px solid #fff;
    margin: 8px;
    transform: scale(0.9);
    box-shadow: 4px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
    transition: transform 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.65, 0.88, 0.925) 0s;
    outline: 0;
  "
>
  <span>默认slot内容</span>
</button>

上下文

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

<UserProfile />

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<!-- x-text 必须用在带有 x-data 的元素或其子元素上。 -->
<!-- 这两个元素可以共用一个带有 x-data 的父元素,也可以像下面这样分别添加 x-data: -->

<h1 x-data>
  欢迎回来, <span x-text="$store.user.username">未知用户</span>
</h1>

<div x-data>
  <h2>我的简介</h2>
  <p>用户名: <span x-text="$store.user.username"></span></p>
  <p>邮箱: <span x-text="$store.user.email"></span></p>
  <button @click="$store.user.updateUsername('李四')">
    更新用户名为 李四
  </button>
</div>

<script>
  document.addEventListener("alpine:init", () => {
    Alpine.store("user", {
      id: 1,
      username: "abcdefg",
      email: "[email protected]",

      updateUsername(newUsername) {
        this.username = newUsername;
      },
    });
  });
</script>

表单输入

输入框

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

<p>{{this.text}}</p>
<input value={{this.text}} {{on "input" this.handleInput}} />

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<div x-data="{ text: '你好世界' }">
  <p x-text="text"></p>
  <input x-model="text" />
</div>

复选框

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

<input
  id="is-available"
  type="checkbox"
  checked={{this.isAvailable}}
  {{on "change" this.handleChange}}
/>
<label for="is-available">这是一个checkbox</label>

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<div x-data="{ isAvailable: true }">
  <input id="is-available" x-model="isAvailable" type="checkbox" />
  <label for="is-available">这是一个checkbox</label>
</div>

单选框

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

<div>你选择了: {{this.picked}}</div>

<input
  id="blue-pill"
  type="radio"
  value="blue"
  checked={{eq this.picked "blue"}}
  {{on "change" this.handleChange}}
/>
<label htmlFor="blue-pill">蓝色</label>

<input
  id="red-pill"
  type="radio"
  value="red"
  checked={{eq this.picked "red"}}
  {{on "change" this.handleChange}}
/>
<label htmlFor="red-pill">红色</label>

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<div x-data="{ picked: 'red' }">
  <div>你选择了: <span x-text="picked"></span></div>

  <input id="blue-pill" x-model="picked" type="radio" value="blue" />
  <label for="blue-pill">蓝色</label>

  <input id="red-pill" x-model="picked" type="radio" value="red" />
  <label for="red-pill">红色</label>
</div>

选择器

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

<select {{on "change" this.select}}>
  {{#each this.colors as |color|}}
    <option
      value={{color.id}}
      disabled={{color.isDisabled}}
      selected={{eq color.id this.selectedColorId}}
    >
      {{color.text}}
    </option>
  {{/each}}
</select>

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<div
  x-data="{
  selectedColorId: 2,
  colors: [
    { id: 1, text: '红' },
    { id: 2, text: '蓝' },
    { id: 3, text: '绿' },
    { id: 4, text: '灰', isDisabled: true }
  ]
}"
>
  <select x-model.number="selectedColorId">
    <template x-for="color in colors" x-bind:key="color.id">
      <option
        x-text="color.text"
        x-bind:value="color.id"
        x-bind:disabled="!!color.isDisabled"
        x-bind:selected="color.id === selectedColorId"
      ></option>
    </template>
  </select>
</div>

Web应用特性

渲染应用

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

缺少代码片段 帮助我们改进 Component Party Component Party 标志

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<h1>你好,世界</h1>

fetch获取数据

Ember Octane 标志 Ember Octane

{{#let (this.fetchUsers) as |request|}}
  {{#if request.isLoading}}

    <p>正在获取用户信息……</p>

  {{else if request.error}}

    <p>获取用户信息出错</p>

  {{else}}

    <ul>
      {{#each request.users as |user|}}
        <li>
          <img src={{user.picture.thumbnail}} alt="user" />
          <p>{{user.name.first}} {{user.name.last}}</p>
        </li>
      {{/each}}
    </ul>

  {{/if}}
{{/let}}

Alpine 标志 Alpine

<div
  x-data="
		function fetchUsers() {
			return {
				users: null,
				isLoading: false,
				error: null,
				async init() {
					this.isLoading = true;
					try {
						this.users = (await (await fetch('https://randomuser.me/api/?results=3')).json()).results;
					} catch (err) {
						this.users = [];
						this.error = err
					}
					this.isLoading = false;
				},
			};
		}
	"
>
  <template x-if="isLoading">
    <p>正在获取用户信息……</p>
  </template>

  <template x-if="error">
    <p>获取用户信息出错</p>
  </template>
  <template x-if="!error">
    <ul>
      <template x-for="user in users">
        <li>
          <img
            :src="user.picture.thumbnail"
            :alt="`picture of ${user.name.first} ${user.name.last}`"
          />
          <p x-text="`${user.name.first} ${user.name.last}`"></p>
        </li>
      </template>
    </ul>
  </template>
</div>